In the SAP-UI5 development lifecycle, ensuring code quality and reliability is paramount. Unit testing plays a critical role by allowing developers to test individual parts of their application logic early and frequently. SAP-UI5 integrates seamlessly with QUnit, a powerful JavaScript unit testing framework, enabling developers to write, organize, and execute tests efficiently.
This article will guide you through implementing unit testing with QUnit in your SAP-UI5 projects, demonstrating best practices and integration tips.
QUnit is a JavaScript unit testing framework originally developed by the jQuery team. It is lightweight, easy to use, and highly compatible with SAP-UI5 applications. QUnit supports asynchronous testing, test suites, assertions, and can be run in browsers or headlessly via tools like Karma.
Place your QUnit test files in a dedicated folder, usually webapp/test or test.
SAP-UI5 SDK provides QUnit libraries, so you don’t need to add them manually. Just configure your test HTML file like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>QUnit Tests</title>
<script
id="sap-ui-bootstrap"
src="https://sapui5.hana.ondemand.com/resources/sap-ui-core.js"
data-sap-ui-theme="sap_fiori_3"
data-sap-ui-libs="sap.m"
data-sap-ui-async="true">
</script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/qunit/qunit-2.17.2.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://code.jquery.com/qunit/qunit-2.17.2.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="qunit"></div>
<div id="qunit-fixture"></div>
<script src="unit/SomeUnitTest.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Alternatively, you can use the built-in QUnit test runner if you develop with the SAP Web IDE or Business Application Studio.
Create a JavaScript file, e.g., SomeUnitTest.js under the test/unit folder.
QUnit.module("Basic Arithmetic Module");
QUnit.test("Addition test", function(assert) {
var result = 1 + 1;
assert.equal(result, 2, "1 + 1 should equal 2");
});
This simple test verifies basic addition, but in UI5, you typically test your controller methods or utility functions.
Consider a controller method that calculates a discount:
// Controller.js
sap.ui.define([
"sap/ui/core/mvc/Controller"
], function(Controller) {
return Controller.extend("my.namespace.Controller", {
calculateDiscount: function(amount, discountPercent) {
if (amount < 0 || discountPercent < 0) {
throw new Error("Invalid inputs");
}
return amount - (amount * discountPercent / 100);
}
});
});
The unit test for this method might look like:
QUnit.module("Controller Tests", {
beforeEach: function() {
this.oController = new my.namespace.Controller();
}
});
QUnit.test("calculateDiscount returns correct value", function(assert) {
var result = this.oController.calculateDiscount(100, 10);
assert.strictEqual(result, 90, "10% discount on 100 should be 90");
});
QUnit.test("calculateDiscount throws error on invalid input", function(assert) {
assert.throws(
function() {
this.oController.calculateDiscount(-1, 10);
}.bind(this),
/Invalid inputs/,
"Throws error for negative amount"
);
});
beforeEach and afterEach to prepare or clean up test data.equal, deepEqual, ok, throws to validate diverse test cases.SAP development environments offer integrated test runners:
test/testSuite.qunit.html fileUnit testing with QUnit is an indispensable practice in SAP-UI5 development that enhances code quality, maintainability, and team confidence. By structuring your tests properly and integrating them into your development workflow, you ensure robust, error-free SAP applications.
Start small by testing your utility functions or controller logic, and progressively cover more complex scenarios to reap the full benefits of automated testing.